CBSE Class 10 Maths Chapter 3 Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables Questions With Solutions
CBSE Board Class 10 Maths Chapter 3 Important Questions with Solutions: Access all types of important questions ranging from 1 mark MCQs to 4 mark long answer questions from Unit two, chapter two Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables for CBSE Class 10 Maths Board exam 2023.
CBSE Important Questions from Class 10 Maths Chapter 3 Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Q1. The pair of linear equations 3x + 5y = 3 and 6x + ky = 8 do not have a solution if k
a) = 5 b) = 10 c) ≠10 d) ≠ 5
Ans: b) = 10
Q2. The solution of the equation x + y = 5 and x − y = 5 is
a) (0,5) b) (5,5) c) (5,0) d) (10 ,5)
Ans: c) (5,0)
Q3. The pair of linear equations x = 0 , x = −5 has
a) One solution b) two solution c) infinite no: of solution d) no solution
Ans: d) no solution
Q4. For what value of ‘k’ do the equations 3x – y + 8 = 0 and 6x – ky + 16 = 0 represent coincident lines
a) 1/2 b) −1/2 c) 2 d) -2
Ans: c) 2
Q5. The value of ‘k’ for which the system of equations 4x + ky + 8 = 0 and 2x + 2y + 2 = 0 has a unique solution is 35
a) k=3 b) k ≠ 4 c) k ≠ 0 d) k=0
Ans: b) k ≠ 4
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
Q1. In how many points do the lines represented by the equations x − y = 0 and x + y = 0 intersect?
Ans: one
Q2. Find the value of (x + y)if , 3x − 2y = 5 and 3y − 2x = 3
Ans : X + Y = 8
Q3. Sum of two numbers is 35 and their difference is 13, find the numbers
Ans : 24, 11
Q4. Find the value of ‘p’ for which the pair of linear equations 2px + 3y = 7: 2x + y = 6 has exactly one solution
Ans: P ≠ 3
Q5. Do the equations y = x and y = x + 3 represent parallel lines?
Ans : Yes
CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS
The alumni meet of two batches of a college- batch A & batch B were held on the same day in the same hotel in two separate halls “Rose” and “Jasmine”. The rents were the same for both the halls. The expense for each hall is equal to the fixed rent of each hall and proportional to the number of persons attending each meet. 50 persons attended the meet in “Rose” hall, and the organisers had to pay ₹ 10000 towards the hotel charges. 25 guests attended the meet in “Jasmine” hall and the organisers had to pay ₹ 7500 towards the hotel charges. Denote the fixed rent by ₹ x and proportional expense per person by ₹ y.
- Represent algebraically the situation in hall “Rose”.
a) 50x + y = 10000
b) 50x − y = 10000
c) x + 50y = 10000
d) x − 50y = 10000
Ans: Let us denote the fixed rent by ₹ x and proportional expense per person by ₹ y.
- Algebraic representation of the situation in “Rose” hall
x+50 y=10000
Answer- Option C
2. Represent algebraically the situation in hall “Jasmine”
a) x + 25y = 7500
b) x − 25y = 7500
c) 25x + y = 7500
d) 25x − y = 7500
Ans: 2. Algebraic representation of the situation in “Jasmine” hall
x+25y=7500
Answer- Option A
3. What is the fixed rent of the halls?
a) ₹2500
b) ₹3300
c) ₹ 4000
d) ₹5000
Ans: Substituting y=100 in x+50 y=10000, we get
x+50 x 100=10000
x+5000=10000
x=5000
3. Answer : Option D
4. Find the amount the hotel charged per person.
a) ₹ 150
b) ₹ 190
c) ₹130
d) ₹ 100
Ans: Subtracting the equations represented by (i) and (ii)
x+50y-x+25y=10000-7500
25y=2500
y=100
4. Answer : Option D
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (2 MARKS)
Q 1. Find the solutions of the pair of linear equations 5x + 10y – 50 = 0 and x + 8y = 10. Hence find the value of m if y = mx + 5.
Ans: Solving 5x + 10y – 50 = 0
10 (x/2 + y – 5) = 0
y = 5 – x/2
Substituting y = 5 – x/2 in x + 8y = 10 we get
x + 8 (5 – x/2) = 10
x = 10
Thus y = 0
Substituting the values of x and y in y = mx + 5, we get
0 = m10+5
Therefore m = −1/2
Q 2. Are the following pair of linear equations consistent? Justify your answer. 2ax + by = a; 4ax + 2by – 2a = 0 ; a , b ≠ 0
Ans: The given pair of linear equation can be written as
2ax+by−a=0 and 4ax+2by−2a
Here,
a1=2a,
b1=b,
c1=−a
And a2=4a,
b2=2b,
c2=−2a
∴ a1/a2 = 2a/4a = 1/2 and b1/b2 = b/2b = 1/2 and c1/c2 = −a/−2a = 1/2
Since, a1/a2 = b1/b2 = c1/c2 = 1/2
∴ The given pair of linear equation is consistent.
Q 3. There are 20 vehicles – cars and motorcycles in a parking area. If there are 56 wheels together, how many cars and motorcycles are there?
Ans: Let no of cars = x and no of motorcycles = y
According to our condition
x + y = 20
X = 20 – y (i)
4x + 2y = 56 (ii)
Replacing (i) in (ii) we get
4(20 – y) + 2y = 56
80 – 4y + 2y = 56
-2y = -24
Thus y = 12
Now replacing y = 12 in x + y = 20 we get
x = 8
Q 4. Write a pair of linear equations which has a unique solution x = 2 and y = −1. How many such pairs are possible?
Ans :Condition for any pair of systems to have a unique solution is a₁/a₂ ≠ b₁/b₂
Let us consider the following equations
a₁x + b₁y + c₁ = 0 and
a₂x + b₂y + c₂ = 0
We have x = 2 and y = – 1 as the unique solution of these two equations.
Hence, it must satisfy the above equations
a₁(2) + b₁(- 1) + c₁ = 0
2a₁ – b₁ + c₁ = 0 ———————— (1)
a₂(2) + b₂(- 1) + c₂ = 0
2a₂ + -b₂ + c₂ = 0 ———————– (2)
the restricted values of a1,a2 and b1,b2 are only
a2a1=b2b1…(3)
So all the real values a1,a2,b1,b2 except condition (3) can from so many linear equations which will satisfy equation (1) and (2)
Therefore, infinitely many pairs of linear equations are possible.
Infinite number of solution.
Q 5. If the sum of two positive numbers is 108 and the difference of these numbers is 8, then find the numbers.
Ans: According to the question
x + y = 108
So x = 108 – y
And x – y = 8
So 108 – y – y = 8
-2y = -100
y = 50
Thus x = 108 – 50 = 58
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS ( 3 MARKS)
Q1. Find the two-digit numbers whose sum is 75 and difference is 15
Ans: Let the numbers be x and y.
x + y = 75
Thus x = 75 – y…………(1)
x – y = 15…………(2)
Substituting (1) in (2) 2y = 90
So y = 45.
Putting y = 45 in (1) , x= 30.
Hence the numbers are x = 30 and y= 45
Q2. The monthly incomes of A and B are in the ratio 5:4 and their expenditure are in the ratio 7:5. If each saves 3000/- per month, find the monthly income of each.
Ans: By the given conditions
The monthly income would be 5x:4x and monthly expenditure would be 7y:5y
Since saving = income – expenditure
5x-7y=3000 …………….(1)
4x-5y= 3000 ……………(2)
Solving, we get x= 2000/-
Monthly income of A = 5x= 5×2000= 10000/-
Monthly income of B = 4x = 4 × 2000 = 8000/-
Q3. A and B each have a certain number of oranges. A says to B, “if you give me 10 of your oranges, I will have twice the number of oranges left with you.” B replies,” if you give me 10 of your oranges, I will have the same number of oranges as left with you. Find the number of oranges with A and B separately.
Ans: Suppose A has x number of oranges and B has y oranges. Thenx +10 = 2( y-10)
⟹ x − 2y + 30 = 0
y + 10 = x − 10
⟹ x − y − 20 = 0
Equating both the equations we get y=50 and x=70
Hence A has 70 oranges and B has 50 oranges
Q4. Yash scored 40 marks in a test, receiving 3 marks for each correct answer and losing 1 mark for each wrong answer. Had 4 marks been awarded for each correct answer and 2 marks been deducted for each wrong answer, then Yash would have scored 50 marks. How many questions were there in the test?
Ans: Let right answer questions attempt by Yash be x and wrong answer questions be y
Then, 3x – y = 40………….(i)
4x – 2y = 50 …………(ii)
Solving we get x = 15, y = 5
Total number of questions in the test = x + y=15 + 5 = 20.
Q5. A man has only 20 paisa coins and 25 paisa coins in his purse. If he has 50 coins in all totalling 11.25/-, how many coins of each kind does he have?
Ans: Let no. of 20 paisa coins be x and that of 25 paisa coins be y, then
x + y = 50 ……………(i)
20 x + 25y = 1125 ⟹ 4x + 5y = 225 ……….. (ii)
Solving, we get x=25 and y=25
Hence there are 24 points of each kind.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS (4 Marks)
Q1. Two numbers are in the ratio 5:6. If 8 is subtracted from each of the numbers, the ratio becomes 4:5. Find the numbers.
Ans: Let the two numbers be 5x and 6x
Then according to the question
5x-8 : 6x-8 = 4:5
Cross multiplying, we get
5( 5x-8 ) = 4 ( 6x-8 )
Solving this equation we get
x = 8
Replacing the value of x we get that the numbers are 40 and 48.
Q2. The age of the father is twice the sum of the ages of his two children. After 20 years, his age will be equal to the sum of the ages of his children. Find the age of the father.
Ans: Let the present age of his two children be “x” years and “y” years.
Present age of father = 2(x+y)—-(1)
Then, according to the question
2x+y+20=x+20+y+20
2x+2y+20=x+y+40
2x+2y-x-y=40-20
x+y=20 —-(2)
Substituting eqn (2) in eqn (1), we get
Present age of father = 2 x 20
= 40 years
Q3. A number consists of two digits. When the number is divided by the sum of its digits, the quotient is 7. If 27 is subtracted from the number, the digits interchange their places. Find the number.
Ans: Let the digit in ones place be y and the digit in tens place be y.
Then the two digit number = 10x+y
Given 10x+yx+y=7
⇒ 10x + y = 7 ( x + y )
∴ 10x+y-7x-7y=0
3x-6y=0
x-2y=0——–(1)
According to the second condition.
10x + y – 27 = 10y + x
10x+y-10y-x=27
9x-9y=27
x-y=3——-(2)
Equation (1)- equation (2)
x-2y-x-y=0-3
x-2y-x+y=-3
-y=-3
Thus y=3
Substituting y=3 in equation (2), we get
x-3=3
x=6
Since two-digit number =10x+y
So 10×6+3
=60+3=63
Then 20y + y – 27 = 10y + 2y
⇒ 9y = 27
⇒y = 3
Substitute y value in eqn(1)
we get, x = 2× 3
⇒ x = 6
Hence the required number is 63.
Q4. Draw the graphs of 2x − 3y + 6 = 0 and 2x + 3y − 18 = 0. Find the ratio of areas of triangles formed by the given lines with X-axis and Y-axis.
Ans: Find three solutions of 2x-3y+6=0
Find three solutions of 2x+3y-18=0
Plot the points on the graph paper.
Area of triangle ABC formed by the lines and the X-axis
=12 x12 x4 =24 sq.units
Area of triangle DEB formed by the lines and the Y-axis
=12 x4x3 =6 sq.units
Ratio of areas of triangles formed by the given lines with X-axis and Y-axis =
24 : 6 = 4 : 1
Q5. Determine graphically the vertices of the triangle, the equations of whose sides are given below 2y − x = 8; 5y − x = 14; y − 2x = 1
Ans: Find three solutions of 2y-x=8
Find three solutions of 5y-x=14
Find three solutions of y-2x=1
Plot the points on the graph paper.
Coordinates of triangle ABC formed between the given lines A(-4,2), B (2,5),
C(1,3)
Pair of Linear Equations in Two Variables is the second chapter of the second unit.
The other chapters in Unit two Algebra of CBSE Class 10 Maths are Polynomials,, Quadratic Equations and Arithmetic Progressions.